Agricultural Field Calculators
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Grain Bin Calculator — Capacity in Bushels

Calculate storage capacity in bushels for round bins, hopper-bottom bins, and flat-bottom steel bins. Enter bin diameter and eave height and select your grain type — supports corn, wheat, soybeans, canola, and custom test weights.

Calculate storage capacity in bushels and tons for round bins, hopper-bottom bins, and flat storage buildings or outdoor piles. Enter your structure dimensions and grain type — the calculator applies the correct bulk density and packing factor for corn, soybeans, wheat, canola, barley, or oats. Results include volume in cubic feet and cubic metres, total bushels, and weight in pounds and metric tons.

Grain Storage Calculator

Calculate how many bushels or tonnes a bin, silo, or flat storage can hold.

Fill in the fields and press Calculate to see your results.

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Disclaimer — Storage capacity calculations are estimates based on standard grain bulk density values. Actual capacity varies with grain condition, moisture content, and bin construction. Do not overfill storage structures beyond rated capacity.

Frequently Asked Questions

A grain bin is a large cylindrical steel structure used to store harvested grain on a farm. Bins range from small 3,000-bushel bins to massive commercial structures holding over 1 million bushels. Capacity is calculated from the bin's diameter and eave height using the formula for a cylinder: volume = π × radius² × height. Because grain doesn't fill a perfect cylinder (it piles in a cone), a grain peak factor is added. One bushel of corn weighs 56 lb; one bushel of wheat weighs 60 lb; one bushel of soybeans weighs 60 lb.

Volume (cu ft) = π × radius² × eave height + (π × radius² × peak height ÷ 3) for peaked fill. Bushels = total cu ft × (bulk density ÷ lbs per bushel). For corn: divide cu ft by 1.244.
A 48-ft bin with 24-ft eave height holds approximately 62,000–68,000 bushels of corn depending on peak height. Adding a 7-foot peak adds approximately 6,500 bushels.
  • Corn: 56 lbs/bu
  • Soybeans: 60 lbs/bu
  • Hard and soft wheat: 60 lbs/bu
  • Barley: 48 lbs/bu
  • Oats: 32 lbs/bu
  • Canola/Rapeseed: 50 lbs/bu
  • Grain sorghum: 56 lbs/bu
  • Rye: 56 lbs/bu
  • Sunflowers (oil type): 25 lbs/bu
  • Dry edible beans: 60 lbs/bu

These USDA standard test weights are used by grain elevators for all weight-to-volume conversions.

Hopper-bottom bins use gravity for complete unloading without a sweep auger — preferred for high-value crops. Flat-bottom bins require a sweep auger but offer lower cost per bushel and greater capacity per footprint.
Safe storage moisture: corn ≤14.0% for 6+ months, soybeans ≤12.0%, hard wheat ≤13.0%, soft wheat ≤13.5%, canola ≤8.0%, dry beans ≤14.0%. Higher moisture grain requires aeration or drying first.
On-farm storage saves $0.08–0.25/bu/month in commercial elevator fees and allows basis-capture marketing. Payback on a well-utilized grain bin investment is typically 3–6 years depending on local basis patterns.

Round bin capacity (bu) = (π ÷ 4) × diameter² × grain depth × 0.8036 (for corn at 56 lbs/bu). A 42-foot diameter bin with 28 feet of grain depth holds about π/4 × 42² × 28 × 0.8036 ≈ 38,900 bushels of corn. Different grains have different bushel weights, so a 60-lb wheat bushel takes less space than a 56-lb corn bushel.

1 bushel = 1.2445 cubic feet. Divide cubic feet by 1.2445 to get bushels. A 50,000 cubic foot bin holds 50,000 ÷ 1.2445 ≈ 40,177 bushels of any grain. Actual capacity varies slightly by grain weight — the calculator adjusts for corn, soybeans, wheat, canola, and other commodities.

A grain bin capacity chart shows estimated bushel capacity for standard bin diameters at various eave heights. Rather than a static chart, this calculator lets you enter your exact dimensions for a precise answer. Quick reference: a 48-ft bin with 16-ft eave height holds roughly 20,000–22,000 bushels of corn at 56 lbs/bu.

Select your bin type (round, hopper-bottom, or flat storage), enter your dimensions in feet, choose your grain, and click Calculate. The standard formula is: π × r² × eave height × bu/ft³ conversion factor. This calculator applies the correct bulk density for each grain automatically. Results show total capacity in bushels and tons.

For flat-bottom storage buildings, select the Flat Storage tab, then enter floor length, floor width, and peak grain height. The calculator applies: length × width × peak height × bu/ft³ factor with a correction for pile geometry at the walls. Results show bushels and tons for corn, wheat, soybeans, or any grain you select. To calculate the ROI on your storage investment, run your numbers through the Ag Loan Calculator.