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Calculateur de Degrés-Jours de Croissance

Suivez l’accumulation des degrés-jours de croissance (DJC) depuis votre date de semis, avec récupération météo automatique pour votre localisation. Prévoyez les stades clés comme la floraison et le point noir du maïs.

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USDA Modified GDD Method

This calculator uses the USDA Modified method: GDD = ((min(High, Ceiling) + max(Low, Base)) ÷ 2) − Base  This averages the adjusted daily high and low before subtracting the base temperature, rather than using the high alone. It accounts for nighttime temperatures — crops accumulate heat 24 hours a day, not just during the warmest part of the afternoon. The ceiling cap (86°F for corn) prevents overstating development on very hot days, since growth rate plateaus above that threshold. This is the standard method used by Iowa State, Purdue, Kansas State, and WSU Extension for corn and most row crops.

Air temperature vs. soil temperature: GDDs are calculated from air temperature measured at 2 metres above the ground — the standard for all weather stations and agronomic models. However, early-season crop development (germination, emergence, and the first vegetative stages) is driven primarily by soil temperature at seed depth (typically 2 inches / 5 cm), which can differ significantly from air temperature. In spring, dark soils in direct sun can warm 5–15°F above air temperature during the day, meaning the crop may develop faster than air-temp GDDs suggest. Conversely, on cold clear nights soil at seed depth retains heat longer than the air above it. The practical result: GDD-calculated stages often lag visible field stages in early spring, especially in dark irrigated soils like those in the Columbia Basin. The manual stage override (✏️) lets you correct for this by anchoring the projection to what you actually observe in the field.

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Calculateur de Degrés-Jours de Croissance

Automatic GDD accumulation from planting date · weather-powered · persists across visits · worldwide coverage

Base: 50°F Ceiling: 86°F Method: Modified (USDA) Season total: 0 GDD
📍 No location set — GDDs will be entered manually
Tip — add days in sequence from planting date. Date auto-advances after each entry.
Weather Data & Location Accuracy — Temperature data is sourced from the Open-Meteo API using ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis, a gridded atmospheric model with global coverage at approximately 9 km (5.6 mi) grid resolution, updated daily. This is not data from a specific weather station — it represents a modeled estimate interpolated to the nearest grid point to your coordinates. Actual field temperatures commonly differ from this estimate by 1–5°F (0.5–3°C) and can differ by more due to local conditions including elevation changes, slope aspect, proximity to rivers or irrigation canals, urban heat islands, frost pockets, or overhead canopy. In complex terrain or during radiative frost events, discrepancies can exceed 10°F. Weather data typically lags 1–5 days; the most recent days in your log may not yet be populated. For critical agronomic or spray timing decisions, verify with an on-farm temperature sensor or a nearby official weather station record.

GDD Milestone Accuracy — Development stage milestones shown in this tool are general agronomic averages based on published research and are not calibrated to a specific hybrid or variety. Actual crop development can vary by 5–15% from these averages depending on the hybrid GDD rating, planting depth, seed-to-soil contact, soil temperature (which lags air temperature by several days in spring), soil moisture, plant population, and regional adaptation. A hybrid or variety rated at 2,650 GDD by its seed company may reach physiological maturity anywhere from 2,500 to 2,800 accumulated GDD depending on the growing season. Always cross-reference with your seed company’s hybrid-specific GDD ratings and your own field scouting records. This tool is designed for planning and season monitoring only — it is not a substitute for direct field observation.

Questions Fréquentes

Un degré-jour de croissance mesure l’accumulation de chaleur qui pilote le développement des cultures. On le calcule ainsi : (température max + température min)/2 − température de base (souvent 10 °C pour le maïs). Le calculateur additionne les DJC quotidiens depuis le semis.

Pour le maïs, on utilise la méthode modifiée de l’USDA : les températures maximales sont plafonnées à 30 °C et les minimales à 10 °C avant le calcul. Cela reflète le fait que le maïs ne se développe pas plus vite au-delà de 30 °C ni en dessous de 10 °C.

La plupart des hybrides de maïs atteignent la floraison femelle vers 660–740 DJC (base 10 °C) après le semis, et la maturité physiologique (point noir) vers 1 300–1 500 DJC. Consultez toujours l’indice DJC de votre hybride.

Les DJC se calculent à partir de la température de l’air. La température du sol influence la levée mais le suivi thermique standard des cultures repose sur l’air. Le calculateur utilise les températures de l’air de votre station météo la plus proche.

Oui. Le calculateur récupère les données d’archives météo pour toute la période depuis le semis, même plusieurs mois en arrière, puis complète avec les prévisions récentes. Vous obtenez l’accumulation totale de DJC à ce jour.